一、词汇考点
词语搭配:
介词、连词的选择。例如,“both…and…”为固定结构,而不是“both…as well as…”。
短语固定搭配。如“by oneself”表示“独自”,而不是“by me”;“make friends with”表示“和……交朋友”,而不是“make friend with”。
高频词汇:
如“look forward to doing sth.”、“be robbed of sth.”、“more than ample to do sth.”(足以……)、“on the decline/increase”(在下降/增长)等。
二、语法考点
非谓语动词:
动词不定式:如“can’t help doing sth.”(情不自禁做某事)与“can’t help but do sth.”(不得不做某事)的区别。
动名词:如“dislike”后接动名词,即“-ing”形式。
现在分词、过去分词混淆:如“statements”与“make”为被动关系,因此应使用过去分词“made”。
比较级、最高级:
比较级、最高级形式误用。如“poorly”的最高级是“most poorly”,而不是“poorest”。
比较范围重复。如句子开头已有“Of all…”,表达整体范围,后应使用最高级,且副词最高级前的“the”可以省略。
句中出现“than”,却没有对应形容词或副词的比较级形式。
比较对象不一致。如比较对象为“他的政见”与“其他政客的政见”,因此应将“politicians”改为“politicians’”。
时态:
根据上下文确定时态。如“If I had wings,I would fly back to my hometown as soon as possible.”为非真实条件句,表示与现在事实相反,从句动词用过去式,主句动词用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。
过去完成时。如“When I arrived at the station,I realized that the train had gone away.”中,“火车离开”发生在“到达”之前,所以应使用过去完成时。
主谓一致:
如“together with”、“as well as”、“along with”等在句子中起修饰作用时,谓语动词的变化要与主语的人称与数保持一致。
从句:
名词性从句:如“It is hard for me to get ready for the trip all by myself.”中,“it”为形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式短语。
宾语从句:如“I thought the technician was to blame for the blowing of the fuse,but I see now how I was mistaken.”中,“that”为宾语从句引导词。
定语从句:如关系代词、关系副词的误用,“The new hotel has erected a beautiful building with recreation areas and conference facilities on the top floor,where/from which/on which the finest view of the city can be obtained.”中,“where/from which/on which”引导定语从句,修饰先行词“top floor”。
三、例题汇总
以下是从2011年到2023年(部分年份)河南全日制专升本英语考试中挑选的一些改错题例题:
2023年:
“The sun gives off light and warmth,that makes it possible for plants to grow.”(that应改为which,引导非限制性定语从句)
“Sand painting has also called dry or earth painting and is practiced by several American Indian artists.”(has also called应改为is also called,被动语态)
2021年:
“It is hard for me to get ready for the trip all by me.”(by me应改为by myself,固定短语)
“We can’t go outside now because the rain is too big.”(big应为heavy,表示雨大时常用heavy)
2020年:
“Staying in a hotel costs twice much as renting a room in a dormitory for a week.”(twice much as应改为twice as much as,表示倍数的句型)
“Your hair is too long. You’d better have it to cut tomorrow.”(to cut应改为cut,have sth. done表示“让某事被别人做”)
2019年:
“When I arrived at the station,I realized that the train has gone away.”(has gone away应改为had gone away,过去完成时)
“Thousand of children are dying of drinking unclean water every day in the developing world.”(Thousand of应改为Thousands of,表示概数时基数词要加-s)
请注意,由于篇幅限制,以上仅为部分年份和例题的汇总。在实际备考过程中,考生应多做真题,熟悉考试题型和考点,提高解题能力。
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